Liquid fuel burner



'NOV. 1, ss M LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed April 5, 1946 EXHAUST IN V EN TOR.

AZllL KC'SSCIIIL. BY v Patented Nov. 1, 1949 UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE LIQUID FUEL BURNER Allen Kissam, Orlando, Fla.

Application April 5, 1946, Serial No. 659,827

4 Claims. 1 This invention relates. to heating stoves used as space heaters, and more particularly to stoves using liquid or powdered fuels.

A general object of the invention is to provide a novel construction which is economical to build, durable in use, and which assures maximum combustion of liquid or powdered fuels, even those of low grade, including such fuels as crank case drainings, powdered coal or other combustible fuels. Moreover, since the fuel is fed to the combustion chamber by gravity, electrical or other controls are eliminated, thereby further contributingto inexpensive manufacture and economical operation.

Another and more specific object is to provide a stove essentially comprising a pair of tubular members assembled in such a way, in connection with a combustion chamber and fuel feeding elements, as to not only preheat the air moving into the combustion chamber, either by natural or preheat the incoming air fed through the central intake passage before it enters the combustion chamber in a circular path at right angles to the axis of the intake pipe. The resulting flame spirals around and within the space formed by the outside of the air intake pipe and the inside of the larger concentric pipe to an exhaust stack.

With the foregoing and other objects in view which will become more fully apparent as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in the novel features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described, illustrated and defined in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein like characters of reference denote corresponding parts in the difierent views:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross section viev. of the invention; and,

Figure 2 is an end view showing the means for feeding air into the combustion chamber at a tangent thereto.

Referring to the drawings, there is shown a stove having a, circular air intake duct or passage, such as the pipe I 0. The air intake pipe H! is con" centrically mounted within a pipe or flame conducting shell I l of larger diameter. The diameter of the pipe II is sufiiciently larger than that of between the inner bore of the pipe l l and the outside of pipe l0.

The pipe or shell ll may or may not be enlarged at one end into an annular combustion chamber or header end M, which header is closed by a flat end wall or plate l5, except for an opening l6 therein through which the air intake pipe l0 extends.

The novel air intake pipe extends beyond the header end plate IE to a baffle plate Hi from which it is directed in one or more separate air con duits such as l9 and 20, which air conduits having outwardly flaring end portions which feed air through openings 2| and 22 respectively, in the peripheral side wall 23 of the combustion chamber M in a direction tangent to the inner circumferential bore of the chamber.

In Figure 1 the path of the air flow and exhaust gases is indicated by arrows from the header it along and around the intake tube l B and out of a stack 24 which communicates with the end of the shell opposite the header M.

The novel arrangement of the parts of the stove is such that, as the air feeds in through one or more air conduits such as Hand 20 into header M at a tangent, it rotates the flame from the ignited fuel therein and directs the flame along and around the intake pipe ill in a spiral path within the space 12 in the direction of the stack 24. This action of the flame provides for high heating efficiency, as it preheats the incoming air inside pipe l0.

Any suitable arrangement may be made for supplying fuel into the header It, such as a fuel tank 25 when oil is used having a gravity feed pipe 26 provided with a valve 21 having a handle for operating the valve, or, a blower to blow powdered fuel into the combustion chamber when powdered fuel is used.

The end plate l5 of the header contains a door 30, which door is provided for insertion of match or other means to ignite the fuel 29 in the bottom of the header.

Air entering the tube II] can be induced by com" bustion in the chamber l4 and the natural draft due to the stack 24, or, if desired, air may be supplied by'a conventional form of fan or pump, not shown.

From the foregoing it will be seen that there is provided a stove, which, due to the novel arrangement of air feed pipes in conjunction with a novel header rotates the flame from the fuel ignition point spirally around the air intake pipe so that the incoming air is preheated and the outer shell becomes an effective heating medium of high thermal efficiency.

The operation of the stove is as follows:

In the case of oil, the valve 21 is opened by turning the handle 28 and a small amount of fuel from reservoir 25 is allowed to flow into the header end I4. The fuel forms a small pool 29 in the bottom of the header M, as shown in Figure 2, and is ignited through the door 30, which is closed the moment the fuel begins to burn. In the case of powdered fuel, a blower forces fuel through 26 and is ignited through door 30.

The flame from the burning fuel heats air which now begins to flow from the header end M in a spiral path through space 12 to the exhaust pipe or stack 24 and to a chimney. At the same time, cold air begins to flow into the inlet pipe H] to bafile l8, where it is directed into the header end 64 through one or more air passages I9 and 20 at a tangent to the inner cylindrical bore of the header. This tangential flow of the air into the header end 14 results in a whirling motion of the flame and any air and gases within the header end 14. This whirling or rotating motion continues through the outer shell or pipe I I, until it reaches the stack 24.

Without further description it is thought that the features and advantages will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and it will, of course, be understood that changes in the form, proportion and minor details of construction may be resorted to, without departing from the spirit of the invention and scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A liquid fuel burning stove comprising, in combination, means forming an annular combustion chamber including front and rear walls connected by a peripheral side wall, an air intake pipe extending through the front and rear walls of said chamber, a plurality of air conduits each having their inlet ends connected to the rear end of said air intake pipe to divide the incoming air stream and the outlet ends of said conduits connected with the said peripheral wall of the combustion chamber and disposed tangentially thereto to produce an annular swirling movement of the air in said chamber, means for feeding fuel into one of the air conduits to discharge it against the bottom inner face of the said peripheral side wall, a tubular flame conducting shell connected to the front wall of said combustion chamber and surrounding said air intake pipe, and an exhaust flue communicating with the front end of said shell and disposed at an angle thereto.

2. A stove according to claim 1, wherein, the outlet ends of said air conduits within the combustion chamber are flared to cause the air to expand as it tangentially enters said chamber and augment the swirling movement thereof.

3. A stove according to claim 1, wherein, the shell and air intake pipe are concentric and the exhaust fiue is at right angles to the pipe and shell.

4. A stove according to claim 1, wherein, the said conduits are outside of thecombustion chamber and curve in opposite directions from the axis of the air intake pipe which extends through the rear wall of the combustion chamber and which conduits enter the combustion chamber tangentially of the inner face of the peripheral wall of said chamber.

ALLEN KISSAM.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,843,662 Craig et a1 Feb. 2, 1932 2,379,018 McCollum June 26, 1945 2,390,380 McCollum Dec. 4, 1945 2,395,418 McCollum Feb. 26, 1946 2,395,568 McCollum Feb. 26, 1946 2,411,663 McCollum Nov. 26, 1946 2,415,064 McCollum Jan. 28, 1947 2,443,920 McCollum June 22, 1948 

